Lost Egyptian City Found Underwater After 1200 Years

Lost Egyptian City Found Underwater After 1200 Years



China's Wall View from Space

China's Wall View from Space


 
It has become a space-based myth. The Great Wall of China, frequently billed as the only man-made object visible from space, generally isn't, at least to the unaided eye in low Earth orbit. It certainly isn't visible from the Moon. 

You can, though, see a lot of other results of human activity. 

The visible wall theory was shaken after China's own astronaut, Yang Liwei, said he couldn’t see the historic structure. There was even talk about rewriting textbooks that espouse the theory, a formidable task in the Earth’s most populous nation. 

Image to right: This photo of central Inner Mongolia, about 200 miles north of Beijing, was taken on Nov. 24, 2004, from the International Space Station. The yellow arrow points to an estimated location of 42.5N 117.4E where the wall is visible. The red arrows point to other visible sections of the wall. Credit: NASA. 






The issue surfaced again after photos taken by Leroy Chiao from the International Space Station were determined to show small sections of the wall in Inner Mongolia about 200 miles north of Beijing. Taken with a 180mm lens and a digital camera last Nov. 24, it was the first confirmed photo of the wall. A subsequent Chiao photo, taken Feb. 20 with a 400mm lens, may also show the wall. The photos by Chiao, commander and NASA ISS science officer of the 10th Station crew, were greeted with relief and rejoicing by the Chinese. One was displayed prominently in the nation's newspapers. Chiao himself said he didn't see the wall, and wasn't sure if the picture showed it. 



Image above: While the Great Wall of China is very difficult to see or photograph from low Earth orbit, sections of the wall can be seen readily in radar imagery. This image of sections of the wall in a desert about 435 miles west of Beijing was made by the Spaceborne Imaging Radar flown aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour. The wall appears as an orange line extending the length of the image. Credit: NASA. 



Mom on the run

Mom on the run

Mom on the run! The fastest marathon pushing a pram (female) is 3 hr 31 min 45 sec, achieved 

by Allison Tai (Canada, with daughter Abelita in tow!), at the Surrey Marathon in Surrey, British 

Colombia, Canada, on 30 September 2012


FELIX BAUMGARTNER JUMPS FROM SPACE

FELIX BAUMGARTNER JUMPS FROM SPACE


COLLIDING RIVERS IN GENEVA, SWITZERLAND

COLLIDING RIVERS IN GENEVA, SWITZERLAND

wow! what a amazing sight...
two colours water at a same place



THE HAMILTON POOL NATURE PRESERVE

THE HAMILTON POOL NATURE PRESERVE


THE CAPILANO SUSPENSION BRIDGE IN VANCOUVER

THE CAPILANO SUSPENSION BRIDGE IN VANCOUVER


BASE JUMPING IN RIO

The longest duration juggling underwater

The longest duration juggling underwater

The longest duration juggling underwater with a SCUBA tank is one of five records up for this

 week's Fan Choice. Time is running out to vote, cast yours now! 




The largest gathering of people dressed as trees

The largest gathering of people dressed as trees

The largest gathering of people dressed as trees was 

achieved by 407 students and

 staff of One Tree Hill Primary School (Australia) in One Tree Hill, South Australia,

Australia, on 16 October 2012, to celebrate the school's 40th anniversary.


The largest women's marathon

The largest women's marathon



The largest women's marathon was the Nagoya Women's Marathon 2013, which had 14,554 

participants!

Top three runners and their times were: Ryoko Kizaki (Japan) with 2:23:34, Berhane Dibaba 

(Ethiopia) with 2:23:51, Mizuki Noguchi (Japan) with 2:24:05.


The Great Wall

The Great Wall 

The Great Wall was continuously built from the 3rd century BC to the 17th century AD on the northern border of the country as the great military defence project of successive Chinese Empires, with a total length of more than 20,000 kilometers. The Great Wall begins in the east at Shanhaiguan in Hebei province and ends at Jiayuguan in Gansu province to the west. Its main body consists of walls, horse tracks, watch towers, and shelters on the wall, and includes fortresses and passes along the Wall.
The Great Wall reflects collision and exchanges between agricultural civilizations and nomadic civilizations in ancient China. It provides significant physical evidence of the far-sighted political strategic thinking and mighty military and national defence forces of central empires in ancient China, and is an outstanding example of the superb military architecture, technology and art of ancient China. It embodies unparalleled significance as the national symbol for safeguarding the security of the country and its people.




Criterion (i): The Great Wall of the Ming is, not only because of the ambitious character of the undertaking but also the perfection of its construction, an absolute masterpiece. The only work built by human hands on this planet that can be seen from the moon, the Wall constitutes, on the vast scale of a continent, a perfect example of architecture integrated into the landscape.

Criterion (ii):  During the Chunqiu period, the Chinese imposed their models of construction and organization of space in building the defence works along the northern frontier. The spread of Sinicism was accentuated by the population transfers necessitated by the Great Wall.

Criterion (iii):  That the Great Wall bear exceptional testimony to the civilizations of ancient China is illustrated as much by the rammed-earth sections of fortifications dating from the Western Han that are conserved in the Gansu province as by the admirable and universally acclaimed masonry of the Ming period.

Criterion (iv): This complex and diachronic cultural property is an outstanding and unique example of a military architectural ensemble which served a single strategic purpose for 2000 years, but whose construction history illustrates successive advances in defence techniques and adaptation to changing political contexts.

Criterion (vi): The Great Wall has an incomparable symbolic significance in the history of China. Its purpose was to protect China from outside aggression, but also to preserve its culture from the customs of foreign barbarians. Because its construction implied suffering, it is one of the essential references in Chinese literature, being found in works like the "Soldier's Ballad" of Tch'en Lin (c. 200 A.D.) or the poems of Tu Fu (712-770) and the popular novels of the Ming period.

Integrity
The Great Wall integrally preserves all the material and spiritual elements and historical and cultural information that carry its outstanding universal value. The complete route of the Great Wall over 20,000  kilometers, as well as elements constructed in different historical periods which constitute the complicated defence system of the property, including walls, fortresses, passes and beacon towers,  have been preserved to the present day. The building methods of the Great Wall in different times and places have been integrally maintained, while the unparalleled national and cultural significance of the Great Wall to China is still recognised today. The visual integrity of the Wall at Badaling has been impacted negatively by construction of tourist facilities and a cable car.

Authenticity 
The existing elements of the Great Wall retain their original location, material, form, technology and structure. The original layout and composition of various constituents of the Great Wall defence system are maintained, while the perfect integration of the Great Wall with the topography, to form a meandering landscape feature, and the military concepts it embodies have all been authentically preserved. The authenticity of the setting of the Great Wall is vulnerable to construction of inappropriate tourism facilities.

Protection and management requirements
The various components of the Great Wall have all been listed as state or provincial priority protected sites under theLaw of the People’s Republic of China on the Protection of Cultural Relics. The Regulations on the Protection of the Great Wall promulgated in 2006 is the specific legal document for the conservation and management of the Great Wall. The series of Great Wall Conservation Plans, which is being constantly extended and improved and covers various levels from master plan to provincial plans and specific plans, is an important guarantee of the comprehensive conservation and management of the Great Wall. China’s national administration on cultural heritage, and provincial cultural heritage administrations where sections of the Great Wall are located, are responsible for guiding the local governments on the implementation of conservation and management measures for the Great Wall.
The Outstanding Universal Value of the Great Wall and all its attributes must be protected as a whole, so as to fulfill authentic, integral and permanent preservation of the property. To this end, considering the characteristics of the Great Wall, including its massive scale, transprovincial distribution and complicated conditions for its protection and conservation, management procedures and regulations, conservation interventions for the original fabric and setting, and tourism management shall be more systematic, scientific, classified, and prioritized. An efficient comprehensive management system, as well as specific conservation measures for the original fabric and setting will be established, while a harmonious relationship featuring sustainable development between heritage protection and social economy and culture can be formed. Meanwhile, the study and dissemination of the rich connotation of the property’s Outstanding Universal Value shall be enhanced, so as to fully and sustainably realize the social and cultural benefits of the Great Wall.



Long Description
Known to the Chinese as the 'Long Wall of Ten Thousand Li', the formidable defensive structures built to ward off invasion of the Celestial Empire by barbarians is called the Great Wall or the Wall of China by Europeans. The principle of these extraordinary fortifications goes back to the Chunqiu period (722-481 BC) and to the Warring States period (453-221 BC).
The construction of certain walls can be explained by feudal conflicts, such as that built by the Wei in 408 BC to defend their kingdom against the Qin. Its vestiges, conserved in the centre of China, antedate by many years the walls built by the Kingdoms of Qin, Zhao and Yan against the northern barbarians around 300 BC. Beginning in 220 BC, Qin Shi Huang, the founder of the Empire of the Ten Thousand Generations, undertook to restore and link up the separate sections of the Great Wall which had been built in the 3rd century BC, or perhaps even earlier, and which stretched from the region of the Ordos to Manchuria.
Towards the west, he had extended the fortifications, the first cohesive defence system of which significant vestiges still remain in the valley of the Huanghe all the way to Lanzhou shortly before the accession of the Han dynasty (206 BC). During their reign the Great Wall was extended even further, and under the emperor Wudi (140-87 BC) it spanned approximately 6,000 km between Dunhuang in the west and the Bohai Sea in the east. The danger of incursion along the northern Chinese border by the federated Mongols, Turks and Tunguz of the Empire of the Xiongnu, the first empire of the steppes, made a defence policy more necessary than ever. After the downfall of the Han dynasty (AD 220), the Great Wall entered its medieval phase. Construction and maintenance works were halted; China at that time enjoyed such great military power that the need for a defence policy was no longer felt.
It was the Ming Emperors (1368-1644) who, after the long period of conflict that ended with the expulsion of the Mongols, revived the tradition begun by Qin Shi Huang. During the Ming dynasty, 5,650 km of wall were built. To defend the northern frontier, the Wall was divided into nine Zhen, military districts rather than garrisons. At strategic points, fortresses were built to defend the towns, passes, or fords. The passageways running along the top of the wall made it possible to move troops rapidly and for imperial couriers to travel. Two symbolic monuments still proudly stand at either end of the wall - the First Door under Heaven at Shanhaiguan, located at the wall's eastern end, and the Last Door under Heaven at Jiayuguan, which, as part of the fortress entirely restored after 1949, marks its north-western end.
This complex and diachronic cultural property is an outstanding and unique example of a military architectural ensemble which served a single strategic purpose for 2,000 years, but whose construction history illustrates successive advances in defence techniques and adaptation to changing political contexts. The purpose of The Great Wall was to protect China from outside aggression, but also to preserve its culture from the customs of foreign barbarians. Because its construction implied suffering, it is one of the essential references in Chinese literature.
The Great Wall of the Ming is, not only because of the ambitious character of the undertaking but also the perfection of its construction, a masterpiece. The wall constitutes, on the vast scale of a continent, a perfect example of architecture integrated into the landscape. During the Chunqiu period, the Chinese imposed their models of construction and organization of space in building the defence works along the northern frontier. The spread of Sinicism was accentuated by the population transfers necessitated by the Great Wall.

That the great walls bear exceptional testimony to the civilizations of ancient China is illustrated as much by the tamped-earth sections of fortifications dating from the Western Han that are conserved in Gansu Province as by the admirable and universally acclaimed masonry of the Ming period.


Tips for Hacking Facebook Account

    Tips for Hacking Facebook Account

    There are various methods to hack facbook account password like Keyloggers, Phishing websites etc.. whereas bruteforcing, dictionary attacks, DDOS attack etc will not work directly due account lockout feature. Today in this post I am going to share a very effective way to hack facebook account I named it Hacking with Trusted Friends.
    Hacking of Facebook Account with Trusted Friends is also not so simple. To get started with it, you have to create three fake Facebook accounts and make sure they are in friend list of the person whose facebook account you are going to hack. If you can make this happen then roll up your sleeves to begin the real action.
Warning: The Sole purpose of this article is to highlight the loophole in security. I am not responsible if you use it with malicious intentions and get caught..!!
    It is only for educational purposes. Don’t use it with wrong intension.
How to Hack Your Friend’s Facebook Account:
  • First of all, create three new Facebook Accounts and add all these three accounts in your friend’s friend list. If you are done with the first step then you have done 90% of your work.
  • Click on Forgot your Password button. It will show three options to recover your password.
  • In the first option give his Email Address and in the Name field give your Friend’s Full Name, your name and click on Search button.
  • Now if everything goes well you will see the profile picture of that person. Here click on the No longer have access to these.
  • Now Enter your New Email address which doesn’t associated with any facebook account yet and click on Submit button.
  • Now you will be prompted to Security question. If you know the answer then it is well and good otherwise, give wrong answers for three times.
  • Now after three unsuccessful attempts, it will ask you to recover your account with trusted friend feature. Click on Continue button.
  • It will ask you to choose three friends. Select your created accounts from the list and click on Continue button each time.
  • After selecting three friends, Facebook will send security codes to the Email address associated with those fake accounts. Login to each account and fill the security codes in the same manner. Also check spam messages if it is not there.
  • Now you will get password Reset Email on Email Address that you have entered in 5th step (New Email address which doesn’t associated with any facebook account).
    That’s it..! You have hacked your friends Facebook Account. Enjoy..!!


The longest chocolate sculpture

The longest chocolate sculpture 

The longest chocolate sculpture is 34.05 m (111 ft 8 in) 

long and was created by Andrew Farrugia (Malta), in 

Brussels, Belgium.



The longest sawdust carpetwor

The longest sawdust carpet

The longest sawdust carpet measured 1,278 m (4192 ft 10 in) and was achieved in Guatemala City, Guatemala


The largest operational mousetrap

Just imagine the mouse this would catch! 

The largest operational mousetrap was built by Dietmar Weides, measuring 6.02 mlong, 3 m wide and 28.5 cmhigh, in Neroth, Germany!


highest speed-dating record

highest speed-dating record

Love was in the air, at Expedia's highest speed-dating record attempt!



The fastest speed achieved by a car

The fastest speed achieved by a car

The fastest speed achieved by a car on ice is 335.71 km/h (208.62 mph) by Janne Laitinen, driving an Audi RS6 for Nokian Tyres, in the Gulf of Bothnia, Finland!


walk across the Grand Canyon

walk across the Grand Canyon

Nik Wallenda's highwire walk across the Grand Canyon highlights today's News in World Records. Check it out!


Solar Car Project -journey without Petrol

Solar Car Project 

Petrol? Who needs it!

The longest journey by solar electric vehicle is 29,753 km (18,487 miles) achieved by the Solar Car Project Hochschule Bochum (Germany)!



Eiffel Tour

Eiffel Tour 

The Tour Eiffel closing for a day and LeBron Jamescarrying on with his wedding highlight today's News in World Records. Check it out at the link!



The longest cake

The longest cake

So, who wants a slice? There's plenty to go round!

The longest cake roll is 130.68 m (428 ft 8 in), created by Kai Corporation in Shibuya, Tokyo, Japan!



The largest devil's knot

The largest devil's knot



Here we have the world's largest "Devil's Knot" - a fiendish puzzle of interlocking wooden pieces, made only more difficult by the giant size of them!

The largest devil's knot was achieved by Foffa Conrad in Valchava, Switzerland. Each piece of the puzzle measured 6 m (19 ft 8 in) long, 40 cm (1 ft 3 in) wide and 40 cm (1ft 3 in) high.

A 3D painting that make you amazing Wow

A 3D painting that make you amazing Wow

The largest anamorphic pavement art (yes, all those people are sitting on a flat street!) is one of the record contenders in this week's Fan Choice.



2013 Year of Statistics

The year 2013 has been designated The International Year of Statistics. One of the core subjects that community college students have to pass to transfer to California State University (CSU) and University of California (UC) systems is “Elementary Statistics.” For these students, the website of the 2013 Year of Statistics has been an eye-opener. They are finding the articles and observations by statisticians from around the world practical, inspiring and enormously helpful for pursuing a career in the statistics.

A Day in the Life of a Datamine Analyst
caught the attention of several students, including John’s, Pamela’s and Osby’s. Pieta Brown’s daily tasks as a data analyst, working with team members on projects, brainstorming and creating hundreds of graphs for use by major corporations worldwide, showed that the use of statistics is not confined to baseball and football but has immediate applications in all types of businesses.The article that hooked students right away was What is Statistics? “We spend an entire semester learning about probability and confidence intervals but have hardly any clue as to what statistics is all about,” said Kevin. “This article really put things in perspective.” Agreed Victor: “I thought of statistics as just another stepping stone to where I wanted to be academically. I didn’t realize how much statistics affected my life. From agricultural forecast to making cities run smoothly and efficiently, statistics is everywhere. I am really going to study the subject seriously this semester.”
Sophia, Ruby, Nash, Lisa and others found the video clip on Why Statistics is Important revealing. They had no idea how diligent and meticulous statisticians have to be to gather and analyze unbiased data to draw reliable conclusions. They found it unnerving that there were many ways to collect inaccurate data that could lead to dangerous and damaging conclusions.
For Chang, the website is full of interesting and useful information. “I never knew how much statistics related to everyday life. We use statistics to predict trends, analyze past mistakes, detect shifts in customer behavior, and much more. Statistics is rarely black and white. Often there is no ‘right answer’ and you have to think carefully to create rules, logic and definitions. It is one of the reasons that why I find myself increasingly drawn to statistics.”
Several students benefited from the practical pointers offered in Should You Guess? “In some subjects, I get multiple-choice questions,” said Isaac. “The author clearly explained the probability of getting the right answers through random guessing. If there is no penalty in making a wrong guess, I should not hesitate to guess. But if there is a penalty for guessing wrong, then I should see if I can eliminate a few choices. The real solution is to have multiple correct answers in multiple-choice questions. That will certainly be an improvement.”
Subtleties in probability stump many beginning students in statistics. That’s why the cleverly-titled article Chances Are We All Get Probability made so many of them smile. “I agree that simply by changing raw probabilities into hard numbers will make things clearer,” said Monique. “The example of the probability of women having breast cancers with false positives was to the point. It’s all a matter of communication. As the article states, ‘chances are we do all get probability. It’s how it is explained and communicated that matters most. When it comes to worrying about having or not having serious conditions, it can make the difference between reassurance and added anxiety.”
In the same vein, Extrapolations Don’t Make Good Forecasts was a hit with students studying correlation and regression. “This article explained to me how banks and corporations can mislead you with specious information,” said Armando. “We need to become savvy customers by studying statistics so we do not become victims.” Added Nash, “What I read in the news about predictions and what really happen are two different things.”
For Nedim, Cecilia, Victor and other students, Statistics of the Day Archive continues to be a fascinating source of news and facts about various countries of the world. The literacy rate of youth aged 15-24 increased to 89 per cent in 2009, up from 83 per cent in 1990, reads one. “Hopefully,” says Nedim, “one day soon we will live in a world where every boy and girl will be literate.” Cecilia is taken by Jim Frost’s spirited defense of statistics, especially when he proves that statistics is not the problem but the solution!
The first thing about the website that struck a chord with Sophia was the plan to offer “trainings onStatistical packages for the community, presenting papers on different workshops, and creating awareness about statistics using different media.” “My parents emigrated from Ethiopia, so I hold Ethiopia near to my heart. It also impressed me to learn of so many countries using statistics to improve the lives of their people. Amazing!”
Roland was blown away by the wealth of information he found on What the Census Bureau Can Tell You about Some of the Communities Affected by Hurricane Sandy. “This article was intriguing to me in many ways. Hurricane Sandy was the most horrific natural disaster we witnessed since the Tsunami in Japan in 2011. At first, I questioned how the Census Bureau and Hurricane Sandy can have any correlation at all. But the article showed me the corelation. When a storm hits, the Census Bureau can quickly identify which region has the most elderly and disabled people so the government can mobilize its resources and evacuate them first. Using statistics, the Census Bureau can help the government respond to natural disaster quickly and with minimal loss of lives.”
Most students checked out the Statistics as a Career section. They were particularly interested in learning what fields employed statisticianswhat the job characteristics were, and most importantly, how to become a statistician.
Based on the enthusiasm students displayed as they explored the Statistics2013 website, the probability is high that some of them will pursue a career in statistics. Put another way, if the Null Hypothesis states that student interest in statistics has not changed after exploring the website and the Alternative Hypothesis states that the interest has changed positively (with a large effect size), the resulting p-value turns out to be exceedingly small. In other words, there is sufficient evidence to suggest that student interest has significantly increased in statistics and that the website has succeeded in sowing the seed for some stellar careers in statistics.

Here are some shocking student loan debt numbers:

Here are some shocking student loan debt numbers:



$1.1 trillion:

The amount of outstanding student loan debt, which first exceeded $1 trillion in March 2012.

37 million:

The number of Americans who have student loan debt.

2:

The ranking of student loan debt compared to other types of consumer debt, second only to mortgages.

$101.8 billion:

The Department of Education’s estimated profits generated from student borrowers over the last five fiscal years.

Nearly 300 percent:

The amount student loan debt has grown over the past eight years.

$26,600:

The amount the average college graduate (of the class of 2011) owed in college loans.

40 percent:

The share of households headed by someone under 35 that owed college debt in 2010.

More than 80 percent:

The percentage of bankruptcy attorneys who reported that the number of their clients with student loan debt increased “significantly” or “somewhat” in a February 2012 survey.

Nearly 1 in 5:

The number of households that had student loan debt in 2010 – double the share of households burdened by college debt in 1989!

6.8 percent:

The new interest rate on subsidized student loans starting July 1 if Congress does nothing. The new interest rate would be double the current interest rate.

More than 1 in 10:

The number of borrowers that defaulted on their student loans in the three years leading up to Sept. 30, 2011.

22.7 percent:

The default rate in the three years leading up to Sept. 30, 2011 for borrowers that attended for-profit colleges, compared to a default rate of 11 percent for borrowers that attended public colleges.

LABOR DAY

HOW LABOR DAY CAME 


"Labor Day differs in every essential from the other holidays of the year in any country," said Samuel Gompers, founder and longtime president of the American Federation of Labor. "All other holidays are in a more or less degree connected with conflicts and battles of man's prowess over man, of strife and discord for greed and power, of glories achieved by one nation over another. Labor Day...is devoted to no man, living or dead, to no sect, race, or nation." 

Labor Day, the first Monday in September, is a creation of the labor movement and is dedicated to the social and economic achievements of American workers. It constitutes a yearly national tribute to the contributions workers have made to the strength, prosperity and well-being of our country. 

Founder of Labor Day

More than 100 years after the first Labor Day observance, there is still some doubt as to who first proposed the holiday for workers. 

Some records show that Peter J. McGuire, general secretary of the Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners and a co-founder of the American Federation of Labor, was first in suggesting a day to honor those "who from rude nature have delved and carved all the grandeur we behold." 

But Peter McGuire's place in Labor Day history has not gone unchallenged. Many believe that Matthew Maguire, a machinist, not Peter McGuire, founded the holiday. Recent research seems to support the contention that Matthew Maguire, later the secretary of Local 344 of the International Association of Machinists in Paterson, N.J., proposed the holiday in 1882 while serving as secretary of the Central Labor Union in New York. What is clear is that the Central Labor Union adopted a Labor Day proposal and appointed a committee to plan a demonstration and picnic. 

The First Labor Day
The first Labor Day holiday was celebrated on Tuesday, September 5, 1882, in New York City, in accordance with the plans of the Central Labor Union. The Central Labor Union held its second Labor Day holiday just a year later, on September 5, l883. 

In l884 the first Monday in September was selected as the holiday, as originally proposed, and the Central Labor Union urged similar organizations in other cities to follow the example of New York and celebrate a "workingmen's holiday" on that date. The idea spread with the growth of labor organizations, and in l885 Labor Day was celebrated in many industrial centers of the country. 

Labor Day Legislation
Through the years the nation gave increasing emphasis to Labor Day. The first governmental recognition came through municipal ordinances passed during 1885 and 1886. From them developed the movement to secure state legislation. The first state bill was introduced into the New York legislature, but the first to become law was passed by Oregon on February 2l, l887. During the year four more states -- Colorado, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York -- created the Labor Day holiday by legislative enactment. By the end of the decade Connecticut, Nebraska, and Pennsylvania had followed suit. By 1894, 23 other states had adopted the holiday in honor of workers, and on June 28 of that year, Congress passed an act making the first Monday in September of each year a legal holiday in the District of Columbia and the territories. 

A Nationwide Holiday
The form that the observance and celebration of Labor Day should take were outlined in the first proposal of the holiday -- a street parade to exhibit to the public "the strength and esprit de corps of the trade and labor organizations" of the community, followed by a festival for the recreation and amusement of the workers and their families. This became the pattern for the celebrations of Labor Day. Speeches by prominent men and women were introduced later, as more emphasis was placed upon the economic and civic significance of the holiday. Still later, by a resolution of the American Federation of Labor convention of 1909, the Sunday preceding Labor Day was adopted as Labor Sunday and dedicated to the spiritual and educational aspects of the labor movement.  

The character of the Labor Day celebration has undergone a change in recent years, especially in large industrial centers where mass displays and huge parades have proved a problem. This change, however, is more a shift in emphasis and medium of expression. Labor Day addresses by leading union officials, industrialists, educators, clerics and government officials are given wide coverage in newspapers, radio and television. 

The vital force of labor added materially to the highest standard of living and the greatest production the world has ever known and has brought us closer to the realization of our traditional ideals of economic and political democracy. It is appropriate, therefore, that the nation pay tribute on Labor Day to the creator of so much of the nation's strength, freedom, and leadership -- the American worker.